Gas-lamp.



PATENTBD SBPTI 1907.

A. c. SWAIN. GAS LAMP. APPLICATION 1711.31) JUNE 29, 190 7.

mums-511mm 1.

Wmsms, www

PATENTED SEPT. 24', 1907.

c. SWAIN.

GAS LAMP. I AIIPL IOA'TION FIL BD JUNE-29, 1907- 2 SHEETSSHE ET 2.

v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

APPIOUS o. SWAIN, F JERSEY ciTY, NEW JERSEY,

GAS-LAMP.

No. 867,219. r

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 24, 1907.

Application filed. June 29,1907l- Serial No. 881,387-

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, APPIOUS OI S AIN, a citizen-of the United States,residing-in Jersey City, Hudson county, and State of New Jersey, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Lamps, of which thefollowing is a specification. I

My improvements relate to the class of gas la'mp's in which so calledinverted burners-and incandescent mantles are used In this class of lampit has been cus- I tomary to utilize the heat of combustion in so far aspossible to raise the temperature of the gas on its way to the burnerson the theory that combustion is promoted thereby, but this'superheating of the gas necessitates a re-adjustment of the gas supplyfor each burner soon aiter thegas is lighted, createsback pressure, andpromotes the precipitation of carbon within the burner tubes, all

objectionable features which my invention is especially designed toobviate; In 'factmy main object is to maintain the gas ata relativelylow temperature until consumed, and to this end I insulate the burnertubes and provide fines for carrying ofii'the products of combustion'and inducing a current of air through the lamp I to'ventilate and coolthe same I I also provide for the regulationofthe air-supply to eachburner tube indeinafter described and claimed. I

In the accompanying drawings ;y l.figure l, is a centralverticalsectional elevation of a'lamp embodying my improvements; Fig. 2,a sectional detail of one of the gas regulators; Fig. 3, a horizontalsection on plane of line 1; Fig. 4, a horizontal section upon plane ofline 4- 4Fig. '1; Fig. 5, a vertical section upon plane of line '5 5Fig.3. i

A, represents a cylindrical or other desiredj form of external shell orcasing ornamentally beaded externally,

as at a, above, and formed with an annular apron a, a, near its lowerextremity having the-usual thumb screws a for the support of the glassglobe G. The apron a, is formed with a series of openings a, for theadmission of air to the globe G, the neck g of which is of greaterinternaldiameter than the diameter of the lowerend of the shell A, so asto'create an annularpassage for communication between the interior ofthe globe G and the,

interior of the apron a,

In the accompanying I as'formed with arrest of four equidistant burnersB, although this is not'material s inc ethe essential features of myinvention may be incorporated in alamp having any desired' numberf'oiburners -four however admitting o'i-an advantageous arrangementof'parts.

I The burners -B, as well as the mantles M, be'of' i any desired or wellknown construction and need not be described in detail. The burnertub'es b, pass through a compartment a, in the lower part of the shellA, said compartment being filled with asbestos fiber or other, suitable'non conducting material. The upper compartment or air chamber 0, abovethe insulating section a}, where it connects with an injector valve d,in terposed between it and the branch pipe e, from the distributing heade, of the main supply pipe e which latter provided with a cut-off valvee of any desired construction, that shown in the drawings by way ofillustration being of the pneumatic type.

c, isa ceiling shield supported 'upon the supply pipe e above the openupper end of the shell Aand designed I te' deflect the. hot air andproducts arising through the tribes), f, laterally into the atmosphereand away from the valve e The tubes f, f,'-whichact as both ventilatingand chimney flues, extend from the lower plate a oi the J'shell A,'tothe upper portion of the latter, opening at ltheir lower extremitiesinto. what may be designated as ,the combustion'chamber h, of thelamp,said combustion chamber consisting of the space below the bottomplate a ,of the shell A inclosed by the apron h, which 1 latter issuspended upon the lower end of said shell, and

incloses' the burners B and portions of the mantles M adjacent thereto.Itis to be understood that the apron h, is preferably formed of glass orother transparent material. This apron it, performs a double function inthat it acts not only as a circumscribing wall for the at a relativelylow even temperature. This feature of forced ventilation is an importantfeatureof my con struction, as is alse the removing of the products ofcombiistion from the combustion chamber direct and in.

such manner that the hot gases come in contact only with the extremelower portions of the burner tubes adjacent to the burners B. I

Within the combustion chamber, and arranged censuch as porcelain glazedexternally to constitute a refiector. I In this cone is a central ducti,'communicat 'ing'with the pilot tube '5, above and with lateralopen'-.

ings of jets '8 below, the ends of the jets i, being opposed to theadjacent mantles and burners, and the. pilot-tube communicating with themain supply pipe e, above the' valve e so as to maintain small torchjets ior rthe purpose of effecting the preliminary ignition of ,-endofgeachburner tube eirtends into an individual I trallywithrelatidnthereto and to the burners B and I I I mantles Mis aninverted coneI, of refractory material drawings 1' have shown my thegaswhen turned on to the burners in the usual way.

This inverted cone 1, not only acts as a reflector of light, but alsoinsulatesand protects th end oi the pilot tube, at the same time actingas a deflector to guide the products of combustion and the induced aircurrent to the lower ends of the dues f, f, thereby in conjunction withthe apron h/ maintaining an even distribution of air.

Each injector d is formed with the usual nozzle (1, containing theneedle valve d spring (1, and plunger (1, the novelty in the presentcase consisting in the provision of means whereby the valve may beregulated v and set from the exterior'of' the lamp, 'without disturbingother parts thereof as has heretofore been necessary, This 1 accomplishby inclining or beveling the upper end of the plunger d and employing alaterally extending adjusting screw 3' formed with a conical-end j, for.

contact with the conical orjlgeveled end of the plunger d so that byturning the screw in one direction or the other the needle valve diyrnay by reason-of the spring d be raised or lowered withrelation toits seat. The male thread of the screw I engages witha female threadformed for its reception in the valve casing as shown, or in any otherstationary part adjacent as may be found most expedient. (Z is a stop orrestierlimiting tlie'upward thrust of the plunger.

Each'burnerktube b, is formed With openings 1), adjacentto the nozzle d,for the admission of air from the compartment 0, which as before statedis individual to the burner. The supply of air to each of the chambersc, is regulated by an individual damper 0, so that theto compensate forback pressure caused by expansion of the gas and air on the way to theburner after the tubes become hot. By my method the requisite adjustmentof gas and air supply being once attained, may be maintainedpermanently, to all intents and purposes, while provision is made fortreating each burner independently not only to meet its specialrequirements, but

also in order that each or any burner may be cut off without disturbingtheothers, as where amantle gives out or when it is desired to use asingle burner, orless than the whole number of burners at one time.Furthermore, by isolating and protecting the burner tubes andconnections, and preventing the contact of the products of combustiontherewith, and also by reason oi the ventilation effected, I am enabledto effect the perfect combustion of all the fuel and 'prevent theprecipitation of carbon from the gas,"-it being well known that where suchprecipitation of solid matter takes place the eiiiciency of the lamp issoon impaired. The feature of external adjustment is also of greatpractical importance, since the opening up of the lamp for this purposeas herctoiore is avoided.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,.

1. In a lamp ot' the'character designated, the combination with aplurality of burners, burner tubes and connections, of a partition abovethe burners separating them.

' snid chimney lines and the adjacent portions of the burner tubes andpilot tube, and :i packing of nonconduciinc;

material. surroundingthe portions of said chimney lluos burner tubes andpilot tube, extending through said inclosed chamber, for the purposedescribed.

2. In a lamp of the character designated, the coinbinsr tion with aplurality" o1; burners, burner tubes and connections, of a partitionabove the burners separating them from thedump casing and conlentsfumapron forming a continuation ofsaid partition. circumscribing theburners and extending below the same to form a combustion chamher, aplurality of chimney tines opening through said partiiion and arrangedto conduct the products of combustion from said combustion chamber, aclosed chamber above said partitionfinclosing the adjacent portions ofsold chimney lines and the adjacent portions of the burner tubes andpilot tube, and :1 packing of non-conducting material surroundingfthcportions 01. said chimney iiucs, burner tubes and pilot tuhe'extendinc;through said in closed chamber, for'thc purposedescribed.

3. In a lamp of the jcha'racter designated, the combination with aplurality of'burners, burner tubcs'nndconncctions, of a partition abovethe burners separating them from the lamp casing ond contents, an apronforming a continuation of said partition, circumscribing the burners andextending below the same to form a combustion chamber, a plurality ofchimney flues opening-through said partition and arranged to conduct theproducts of 130mbustion from said combustion chamber, a closed chamberabove said partition inclosing the adjacent portions of said chimneyfines and the adjacent portions of the burner tubes. and pilot tube, anda packing o1? asbestos surrounding the portions of said chimney lines,burner lpbcs, und pilot: tube extending through said inclosed chamber,for vthe purpose described.

4. In a lump of the character designated, the combination with aplurality of burners, burner tubes and connections, of a partition abovethe burners separating them from the lump casing and contents, anannular apron forming a' continuation of said partition extending downward and circumscribing the burners to form :1 combustion chamber, and aplurality of chimney fines opening through said partition and arrangedto conduct the products of combustionfrom said combustion chamber to acommon ,outlet in the upper part of the casing above the parts containedand inclosetl therein, for the purpose described.

5. In a lamp of the character designated, the combination with aplurality of burn'ers, burncr. tubes and conue'r tions, of a partitionabovethe burners separating them from the lamp casing and contents, anapron form ng a continuation of said partition circumscribing theburners and extending below the same to form a combustion chamber, and aplurality of chimney fiues opening through said partitionand arranged toconduct the products of combustion from said combustion chamber to acommon outlet in' the upper part bf the casing above the parts containedand inclosed therein, for the purpose described, 6. In a lamp of thecharacter designated, the combination with the burners, burner tubes andconnections, of a partition above the burners separating them from thelump casing and contents, an apron forming a continuation of saidpartition and clrcumscribing the burners and extending below the same,and one or more linesopening through said partition and -.arrnnged toconduct the products of combustion, for the purpose described.

7. In a lamp of the character designated, the combinution with theburners, burner tubcsand connections, of a partition above theburnersseparating them from the lamp casing and contents, an apron oftransparent material forming a contlnuutioii of said partition andcircumscribing the burners and extending below the same, and one or moreflues opening through said partition and arranged to conduct off theproducts of combustion for the purpose described.

8. In a lamp of the character designated, the combination with theburners, burner tubes and connections, of a partition" above the burnersseparating them from the lamp casing and contents, an apron forming acontinuation of said partition and circumscribing the burners, one ormore fiues opening through said partition and arranged to conduct offthe products of combustion, and an inverted cone of refractory materialon the under side of said partition formed with gas ducts and connectedwith the pilot tube, together with said pilot tube, for the purposedescribed. v a

9. In a lamp of the character designated, the combination with the'burners, burner tubes and connections, of a separating partition abovethe burners separating them from the lamp casing and contents, an apronforming a continuation of said partition and circumscribing. the

, side of said partition, said cone being formed with a lightreflectingsurface and with gas ducts communicating with the pilot tube, togetherwith said pilot tube, for the pur-- pose described.

10. In a lamp of the character designated, the combina- 7 tion with aplurality of burners and burner tubes arranged around a common centerand a cone of refractory material arranged centrally with relationtheretoformed with a light-reflecting surface and with gas ductscommunicating with the pilot tube, together with said pilot tube, forthe purpose described. f

11. In a lamp of the character designated, the combination with aplurality of burners, burner tubes and connections, of a partitionseparating said'burners from the casing, an apron forming a continuationof said partition and circumscribing the bur'ners and extending belowthem,

one or more fiues opening through said partitionand arranged to conductoff the products of combustion, a chamber above said partitioncontaining a packing of nonconducting material surrounding the burnertubes in part, for th purpose described.

12. In a lamp of the character designated, the combination of aplurality of burners. perforated burner tubes and connections, apartition above the burners separating them tjrom the lamp casing andcontents, an annular .apron forming a continuation of said partitionextending downward and circumscribing the burners to'torm a combustionchamber, a plurality of chimney flues arranged to conduct theproducts-of combustion from said combustion chamber to a common outletin the upper part of the casing above the parts contained therein, aninjector valve interposed between each of said burner tubes and the mainsupply pipe, each of said injector valves and the adjacent perforatedportion of each burner tube being 'inclosed in an independentcompartment in the casing, said valve compartment-and independent meansfor regulating the admission of air to each of said compartments,whereby the amount of air drawn intoeach burner tube may be individuallyregulated, for the purpose described.

13. Ina lamp of the character designated, the combination of a pluralityof burners, perforated burner tubes and connections, a partition abovethe burners separating them from the lamp casing and contents, anannular apron forming a continuation of said partition extendingdownward and circumscribing the burners. to form a combustion chamber, aplurality'of chimney flues arranged to conduct the products ofcombustion from said combustion chamber to a common outlet in theupper'part of the casing above the 'said insulating compartment saidvalve compartments, andindependent means'for regulating the admission ofair to each of said-compartments, whereby the amount of air dr'awn intoeachlburnertube maybe individually regulated, for the purposedescribed'. I

14. In a lamp of the character designated, the combination with theburners, burner tubes and connections of a partition above the burnerseparating them from the casing, an apron forming a continuation of saidpartition, and extending below and circumscribing the said burners,- acompartment above said partition containing a packing of non-conductingmaterial around the adjacent portions of the burner tubes, and injectorvalve for each burner tube,

each injectorvalve being provided with a lateral adJusting; sc.rewextendingv beyond the casing, for the purpose de- GEO. WM. Mmr'r.

